Every time a trailer is loaded consideration must be given to total weight, load weight, nose weight and load distribution.
Nose weight
Nose weight is the force with which the trailer’s coupler presses down on the towing vehicle’s ball hitch. Nose weight may not exceed 100 kg or the weight specified on the hitch coupler.
Nose weight may not be negative, i.e. the trailer’s coupler may not lift the towing vehicle’s ball hitch. Negative nose weight impairs steering ability by “lifting” the rear wheels in adverse situations.
Excessive nose weight can impair steering ability by “lifting” the front wheels.
The nose weight at which a trailer best follows the towing vehicle varies between vehicle models. However, the average empirical value is between 50 and 80 kg.
Positioning loads
Distribute loads as evenly as possible on the trailer. Ideally, place heavy items above or just ahead of the axle.
A heavy load at the front will result in excessive nose weight and a heavy load at the rear negative nose weight.
Two load centres far apart i.e. a heavy object at the front and another at the back will give the trailer a tendency to sway.
Overload
Overload seriously impairs safety and compromises trailer and vehicle road holding and steering ability. There is also an increased risk of wear and breakdown.
Take care when loading sand, gravel or other heavy materials so that the trailer is not overloaded.
The warranty is invalid if the trailer has been overloaded.
Loads on open trailers
All loads must be secured and stowed such that they cannot shift and impair
driving characteristics, come loose, damage property, cause injury, dust or pollution.
Light goods (garden waste, empty cartons and suchlike) are best secured using cargo nets, tarpaulins or ropes.
A net tailgate or cage facilitates load securing, but remember that the load must be covered too.
Heavy goods must be secured so that they cannot shift in any direction.
Load that does not cover the entire bed must be secured using wooden chocks, pallets or similar and then lashed down. The load is best lashed down using tension straps available for different weights. Tension straps are secured ideally to the lugs or cleats fitted to all trailers.
If the load does not reach the top of the side panels and the cleats are on the outside a spacer must be used so that the straps or ropes are able to hold the load down.
Heavy loads must always be secured using tension straps or similar even if a tarpaulin, hood or other load cover is used.
Note that the trailer should be connected to the vehicle’s tow hitch while loading to avoid too great a load on the jockey wheel.
Protruding Loads
Loads that protrude more than 1 metre must be marked with a flag, and after dark with red reflectors and a lantern showing a red light to the rear.
For more information about safety and loading, check the Fogelsta Trailer Manual at your local dealer.